一般机组功率的选用原则上在2一3.5倍UPS容量以上，这样将大幅度增加投资，但通过采取一些特殊的措施，则可以改善机组的运行性能，同时获得更好的经济效益。
Generally speaking, the selection of unit power is more than 2 or 3.5 times the capacity of UPS, which will substantially increase investment. But by taking some special measures, it can improve the running performance of the unit and get better economic benefits.
a.选用永磁他励式(PMG)发电机，因PMG系列发电机的电子自动调压系统AVR独立于发电机的机械系统，功率源从副励磁机电枢绕组取得。在发电机负载和转速突变时，该系统不受发电机机械过渡过程的影响，将输出电压调整到额定值。因此，PMG系列发电机的的动态电压调整率远小于其他励磁发电机，并有较好的动态稳定性，可提高发电机带非线性负载能力。由于PMG系统提供一个与定子输出电压波形畸变及大小无关的恒定的励磁电源，因而能提供较高的电动机起动承受能力，并对非线性负载产生的主机定子输出电压的波形畸变具有抗干扰性。
A. uses permanent magnet excitation (PMG) generator, because PMG series generator's electronic self regulating voltage system AVR is independent of generator's mechanical system, and power source is obtained from armature winding of auxiliary exciter. When the load and speed of the generator abrupt, the system is not affected by the mechanical transition process of the generator, and the output voltage is adjusted to the rated value. Therefore, the dynamic voltage regulation rate of PMG series generators is much smaller than that of other excitation generators, and has good dynamic stability, which can improve the nonlinear load capacity of generators. Because the PMG system provides a constant excitation power independent of the output voltage waveform distortion and size of the stator, it can provide high starting endurance of the motor and anti disturbance to the waveform distortion of the stator output voltage of the nonlinear load.
b.在不增加柴油机功率的条件下配置一台较大容量的发电机，以提高机组带非线性负载的能力。通常柴油机和发电机的功率匹配关系是柴油机净输出机械功率略大于发电机功率，机组的输出有功功率大小取决于柴油机的出力，而视在功率则主要取决于发电机的容量。发电机组在带UPS负载时，只要加大发电机的容量，其瞬态特性就会大大的增强，而机组的输出有功功率其实并未增加，因而采用这种所谓“小马拉大车”的方式来解决非线性负载的问题。即柴油机的功率按照所有负载有功功率之和略大来选择，发电机功率则按照上面所说的方法来配置。该方案可以在满足使用要求的前提下，大幅度减少投资，同时也避免柴油机产生长时间低负载运行的机率，提高其使用可靠性。
B. is equipped with a large capacity generator without increasing the power of the diesel engine to improve the capacity of the nonlinear load of the unit. Usually, the power matching relationship between diesel engine and generator is that the output power of diesel engine is slightly larger than that of the generator. The output power of the unit depends on the output of the diesel engine, while the apparent power is mainly determined by the capacity of the generator. When the generator set is loaded with UPS, as long as the capacity of the generator is increased, its transient characteristics will be greatly enhanced, and the output active power of the generating unit does not increase. Therefore, the so-called "little horse drawn cart" is adopted to solve the problem of nonlinear load. That is the power of the diesel engine in accordance with all active power load and slightly to selection, generator power configuration according to the method mentioned above. The scheme can reduce investment greatly while meeting the requirements of use, and also avoid the probability of diesel engine growth and operation at low load and improve its operational reliability.
济南济柴环能燃气发电设备有限公司
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