加负载的功率修正
Power correction of loading
对于自然进气的机组，其最大允许的一次加载量等于使用功率。
For a unit with natural intake, its maximum allowable load is equal to the use of power.
采用涡轮增压技术后，发动机的功率有了明显的提高，但突加负载的能力却有所下降。当增压比越高时，突加负载能力的下降也越明显。涡轮增压对突加负载的影响，主要是因为涡轮增压柴油机的功率有相当一部分是通过涡轮增压来实现的，而涡轮增压值主要取决于发动机发出的功率和转速。当发动机处于空载时，增压压力很低(或者说接近非增压状态)，此时，按增压机额定状态下的功率加载(或者加较大的负载)，相当于对非增压机瞬态突加超过额定功率的负载，结果或是突加载荷失败，或是转速下降超过限值，或是恢复时间较长，这都会影响机组的供电性能。
When turbocharging is used, the power of the engine has been obviously improved, but the capacity of the load is decreased. When the pressure ratio is higher, the decrease of load capacity is more obvious. The influence of turbocharging on the sudden load is mainly due to the fact that a large part of turbocharged diesel power is achieved by turbocharging, and the turbocharged value is mainly determined by the power and speed of the engine. When the engine is idling, the boost pressure is very low (or nearly non pressurized state), at this time, according to the power load booster under rated condition (or larger load), the equivalent of non supercharged engine transient sudden load exceeds the rated power, or sudden load failure, or speed drop exceeds the limit value, or recovery time is longer, it will affect the performance of power supply unit.
一般当有效压力P值在1MPa以下时，一次突加负载可达到标定功率80%以上，对突加负载影响不大。当P值达到1.5MPa时，突加负载只能达到标定功率的50%;当P值达到2.0MPa时，突加负载只能达到标定功率的40%。如果对突加负载有较高要求时，建议按涡轮增压柴油机相同机型的非增压时的标定功率选配机组。
In general, when the effective pressure P is below 1MPa, the one load can reach more than 80% of the calibrated power, which has little effect on the load. When the P value reaches 1.5MPa, the load can only reach 50% of the calibrated power; when the P value reaches 2.0MPa, the load can only reach 40% of the calibrated power. If there is a high requirement for the load, it is suggested that the calibrated power of the same type of turbocharged diesel engine should be selected according to the calibrated power of the same type.
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